Are humans nearing an era of sexless relationships? (Part Two)

Narrator (GR):  At the point we left off in Part One of our conversation “Are Humans Nearing an Era of Sexless Relationships?” you mentioned that Japan and Italy are projected to lose up to 50% of their current populations by 2100.  Will you expand on that comment?

Gemini: Yes, George. And according to the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Korea’s fertility rate has already dropped below .72. But that’s only part of the story. While the rest of the world shrinks, Sub-Saharan Africa is experiencing the opposite. Because its demographic transition started later, places like Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Ethiopia are expected to see their populations double or triple by 2100. Researchers anticipate a massive shift where the vast majority of all babies born on Earth by the end of this century will be born in Africa.

Narrator (GR):  So how will this change in population densityeffect the economy and stability of our planet?

Gemini: A shrinking population might sounds like a win for the environment – with fewer carbon emissions and less strain on resources. But in reality, it presents unprecedented economic and social challenges due to  how the population shrinks. It doesn’t shrink evenly — it becomes top-heavy.

Narrator (GR): Top-heavy?

Gemini:  Demographically, it means a shift from a world of mostly young people to one of mostly old people, and economically dependent people. By 2100, the global population over age 65 will dwarf the population under age 20.

    Modern economies rely on a large base of young workers paying taxes to support a smaller pool of retirees. When that ratio flips, programs like Social Security and universal healthcare face immense funding shortfalls.

    A shrinking workforce generally means less innovation, lower consumer demand, and slower economic growth.

    Power in the 21st and 22nd centuries will likely belong to the countries that can best manage this transition. Wealthy nations with low birth rates will become fiercely competitive over immigration, relying entirely on importing young, educated workers from growing regions, like Africa, to keep their societies functioning.

Narrator (GR): Is the birth rate decline a natural occurance?

Gemini:  If by “natural,” you mean it is a normal, predictable phase of human development, then yes.Demographers call this the Demographic Transition Theory. Historically, when a society moves from being poor and agricultural to wealthy and urbanized, birth rates plummet.

    But if you are asking if there is a deeper, almost naturalistic or evolutionary shift happening—where the environment we created is actively short-circuiting our instinct to reproduce—then the answer is also yes.Philosophers, biologists, and sociologists are increasingly looking at this decline not just through the lens of economics, but through the lens of behavioral ecology. There are three major “non-natural” or existential forces driving this.

    The first is a tendancy towards a behavior-sink: the point where high density and social chaos cause creatures to lose their natural purpose.

    In the 1960s, scientist John B. Calhoun built a utopia for mice. He provided infinite food, water, and safety, with zero predators or disease. The population exploded, leading to extreme overcrowding. Even though resources were still unlimited, the social structure shattered.

    A new generation emerged that completely withdrew from society. They only ate, slept, and groomed themselves. They lost all interest in social interaction, mating, or defending territory.

    Because they stopped reproducing, the entire colony went extinct in the midst of absolute abundance.

Narrator (GR): Is this happening now to humans?

Gemini: Not just yet, but many thinkers view this experiment as a mirror for modern human society. If we create an unprecedented material wealth and digital connectivity, we face rising isolation. By overcomplicating and saturating our environment, we risk stripping away the fundamental social roles, community rituals, and struggles that give human life its generative purpose. Material abundance alone cannot sustain a society; it requires meaningful structure.

Narrator (GR): Well then let me rephrase that question. Are we in threat of losing our purpose?

Gemini: From an evolutionary standpoint, human beings are wired to seek out dopamine. For hundreds of thousands of years, the highest-yield activities for dopamine were biological necessities: hunting, achieving social status in a tribe, finding a mate, and raising children.

    We have successfully detached dopamine from biological survival. A young person today can receive highly predictable, zero-risk, instantaneous dopamine hits via algorithms, video games, streaming media, and online pornography.

    Biologically, your brain doesn’t easily distinguish between a hard-won victory in real life and a simulated victory on a screen. Why take the massive emotional risk of real-world courtship—which involves vulnerability, potential rejection, financial cost, and immense effort—when you can get a simulated version of that validation while sitting alone in your room? The digital environment has effectively outcompeted physical reality.

    For centuries, marriage and children were the cornerstones of adulthood—they were the foundation you laid down in your early twenties, and you built the rest of your life on top of them.

    Today, marriage and children are viewed as the capstones of adulthood. Culturally, young people are told they must first finish their education, establish a stable career, achieve financial independence, travel, and “find themselves” before they are allowed to have a family.

    Because achieving those financial milestones takes longer than ever, the window for natural reproduction is closing before people feel “ready” to open it.

Narrator (GR): I think I get it! 60 years ago sex was a big deal. So was romance. As a kid it was about the longing and waiting for sex, as well as the fear of an early, shameful pregnancy and moral transgression. Then came the pill and the acceptability of sex without consequences. But as sex became easier much of the the allure, danger and romance was lost, as well as the anticipation that sparked the romantic songs and lyrics from the 1920s to the 1960s. Because sex was guarded behind the walls of courtship and marriage, the anticipation created an immense psychological focus. 

Gemini: That pretty much sums up what happened. When the pill arrived and the sexual revolution fully deregulated the landscape, sex moved from a sacred, high-stakes mystery to an easily accessible consumer commodity. When something becomes infinitely available, its marginal value drops. The “naughtiness” disappeared because there were no longer any rules to break.

Narrator (GR): So, functionally, does an orgasm matter as much?

Gemini: Biologically, the physical mechanism hasn’t changed. But psychologically, the currency has been severely devalued.

    An orgasm derived from genuine intimacy, vulnerability, and mutual conquest within a long-term relationship triggers a complex cocktail of neurochemicals: dopamine (pleasure), oxytocin (bonding), and endorphins (contentment). It is a holistic emotional experience.

    Today, an orgasm can be achieved instantly, in isolation, via high-definition internet pornography or sophisticated adult tech. It is cheap, highly efficient, and carries zero social risk. But this purely mechanical release bypasses the oxytocin-driven bonding phase. It provides the biological climax without the psychological nourishment. When young people realize they can get the physical release with a few clicks, the act of seeking it out with another real, flawed human being begins to look like a poor return on investment.

Narrator (GR): So is intimacy becoming irrelevant?

Gemini: Your final point touches on an extraordinary, almost science-fiction reality that we are entering. We are rapidly decoupling family-making from physical intimacy entirely.

    Through IVF, genetic screening, and the looming reality of artificial wombs, the biological necessity of two bodies coming together to create a family is fading. A family can now be engineered as a clinical, planned project rather than the spontaneous byproduct of passion.

    When you remove reproduction from sex, sex becomes pure recreation. And when recreation has to compete with the entire entertainment industry, it doesn’t always win.

Narrator (GR): I guess then, the real question is: have we lost the need for sex in a relationship?

Gemini: We haven’t lost the evolutionary need for connection—human beings are still tribal, social creatures wired for touch. But we have built an ecologically hostile environment for it.

    We have drained the pool by treating intimacy like an app to be optimized rather than a dark, beautifully risky landscape to be explored. By removing the fear, the waiting, the longing, and the stakes, we accidentally stripped romance of its gravity. We didn’t lose the need for intimacy; we just made it incredibly easy to settle for a synthetic substitute. 

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